Add a generic Eigen backend based on clang vector extensions

The goal of this MR is to implement a generic SIMD backend (packet ops) for Eigen that uses clang vector extensions instead of platform-dependent intrinsics. Ideally, this should make it possible to build Eigen and achieve reasonable speed on any platform that has a recent clang compiler, without having to write any inline assembly or intrinsics.

Caveats:

* The current implementation is a proof of concept and supports vectorization for float, double, int32_t, and int64_t using fixed-size 512-bit vectors (a somewhat arbitrary choice). I have not done much to tune this for speed yet.
* For now, there is no way to enable this other than setting -DEIGEN_VECTORIZE_GENERIC on the command line.
* This only compiles with newer versions of clang. I have tested that it compiles and all tests pass with clang 19.1.7.

https://clang.llvm.org/docs/LanguageExtensions.html#vectors-and-extended-vectors

Closes #2998 and #2997

See merge request libeigen/eigen!2051

Co-authored-by: Rasmus Munk Larsen <rmlarsen@google.com>
Co-authored-by: Antonio Sánchez <cantonios@google.com>